Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition which is typically characterized by persistent challenges in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities. ASD emerges in different ways in different people, which can make it difficult to generalize behaviors.

While we have been aware of autism for many years, there is still an alarming gap when it comes to the employment of individuals with ASD. In the US, only 32% of adults with autism are employed, compared to 70% of neurotypical adults. Similarly in the UK, the Buckland Review of Autism Employment found that just 3 in 10 autistic people are in work, compared to 5 in 10 for all disabled people and 8 in 10 for non-disabled people. It also found that those with ASD faced the largest pay gap of all disability groups.

The needs of individuals with ASD can be increasingly unique. As employers, it is crucial to actively foster an accepting and supporting work environment that adopts a more nuanced and individualized approach.

One of the most important principles in supporting employees with ASD is to avoid making assumptions. Certain physical and behavioral traits are often associated with ASD, but employers should not jump to conclusions about an employee’s neurodivergence based on observation alone. Diagnosing employees is not the role of the employer; rather, support should only be offered when an employee actively discloses their diagnosis or requests assistance or accommodation.

Once an employee voluntarily shares that they have ASD, the first step for an employer is to check their own biases. Do not immediately assume what the employee can or cannot do. Instead, ask questions, remain open-minded, and recognize that ASD manifests uniquely in each individual. The label of ASD is not a limitation but an opportunity to learn how best to support an employee’s productivity and wellbeing in the workplace.

Every employee with ASD has different sensitivities and needs. Employers must work with employees to determine which environmental adjustments will help them perform at their best. Here are some key factors to consider:

• Sound Sensitivities – many employees with ASD may suffer from sensitivity to sound and could benefit from the use of noise-cancelling headphones. If headphone use is approved, take a close look at your organizational culture to ensure the use of headphones doesn’t immediately connotate disengagement or isolation. It may in fact be promoting productivity rather than drawing away from it.
• Visual Stimuli – some ASD employees may prefer dim lighting, while others thrive in bright spaces. Workspaces should therefore be flexible to accommodate different visual needs. This sensitivity may extend to colors and patterns on walls, furniture, and flooring.
• Physical Environment – ergonomic accommodations such as standing desks, specialized keyboards, or alternative seating arrangements can significantly enhance productivity for ASD employees.
• Sensory Triggers – strong smells, such as those from a breakroom, can be disruptive for some individuals with ASD to the point that they are unable to focus. Employers should be mindful of this when choosing seating arrangements in the workplace and consider relocating workspaces if necessary.
• Hygiene Considerations – some individuals on the spectrum may have different hygiene habits, whether it be excessive use of cologne or a lack of awareness of workplace hygiene expectations. Employers should ensure they offer the proper training to managers so that they can approach these conversations with sensitivity and education rather than reprimand as it can make the difference between success and potential litigation.

In addition to physical workplace considerations, a company’s culture plays a significant role in how well ASD employees assimilate into the workplace. Many individuals on the spectrum struggle with unspoken social rules and expectations, which can lead to insecurity and social isolation. Without a culture of understanding and belonging, ASD employees may experience increased absenteeism or disengagement. Here are some key factors to consider when promoting a mentally supportive culture:

• Encourage Open Conversations – employees with ASD may not always express their feelings directly. Managers should strive to build an environment where employees feel comfortable discussing their challenges and needs so they can be addressed and workers continue to feel supported.
• Provide Clear Communication – around 9 in 10 autistic individuals process sensory information differently to neurotypical people. This is because ASD individuals often process stimuli more intensely than neurotypical individuals. While neurotypical employees can filter out unnecessary stimuli, ASD employees may absorb and analyze everything in their environment. Understanding this distinction can help managers avoid unnecessary pressure or misunderstandings regarding an employee’s reactions or work style. It can also help to inform them on how best an individual with ASD can absorb instructions (whether this be written communication, verbal communication, or visually given).
• Normalize Neurodivergence – individuals with ASD and other neurodivergent disorders can sometimes exhibit behaviors that are not considered typical, and this can lead to judgement from neurotypical people. As employers, it is important to embed neurodiversity behaviors into workplace etiquette in order to promote belonging, which in turn increases employee productivity and morale. Educating employees on ASD and encouraging them to practice patience and understanding when colleagues display behaviors that may be considered unconventional often results in fewer disruptions and improved motivation and results.

Supporting employees with ASD requires a thoughtful, individualized approach that prioritizes understanding over assumption. By considering sensory needs, providing flexible accommodations, and fostering an accepting culture, employers can create a workplace where neurodivergent employees feel valued and supported.

If you would like to discuss how we can help build neurodiversity support strategies into your company and grant you access to a wide pool of untapped talent, please get in touch with me at amanda@orgshakers.com

For Autism Awareness Month, we have secured ourselves a copy of Untypical: How The World Isn’t Built for Autistic People and What We Should All Do About It by Pete Wharmby.

Pete was diagnosed with autism in his adulthood, and after spending the majority of his career as an English teacher, he is now a full-time author and speaker, advocating for autistic inclusion.

The crux of Untypical is all about remaking the world, and the target audience for this book is any neurotypical adult – whether that be an employer, a parent, a romantic partner…the list goes on! Told through the lens of Pete’s own experiences, and woven with various theories and studies surrounding autism, this book is a great way for those who think neurotypically to gain a deeper understanding of how the world can be fundamentally inaccessible for someone who is neurodivergent.

Pete uses his own experiences to bring the reader into the mind of an autistic person, helping them to understand what it means to be autistic, what to do to be supportive of this, and what to try and avoid doing. It’s a fantastic exploration in empathy, further strengthened by the inclusion of the experiences of a range of autistic people, shedding a light on the intersectionality of autism.

The book offers practical advice for how to better support autistic individuals in key areas of life including personal relationships, in the classroom, and in the workplace. So, for employers, they can expect to find both ‘easy fixes’ and longer-term solutions for making working life for autistic workers easier, in turn optimizing their capabilities, with many of these adjustments having been shown to make the employment experiences of neurotypical people better, too.

Overall, Pete captures the autistic experience expertly, and shines a light on the fact that the world is very much built for neurotypical people. By recognizing the everyday changes that can be made, life for autistic and neurodivergent individuals can become so much more accessible – you just have to know where to start.

If you would like to discuss how OrgShakers can help with optimizing neurodiversity in the workplace, please get in touch with us.

And to grab a copy of Pete’s book, head over here if you’re in the UK, and here if you’re in the US.

This month’s book choice was inspired by the fact that today is World Dyslexia Awareness Day – which closes off Dyslexia Awareness Week. In the spirit of this, we got our hands on a copy of Kate Grigg’s This is Dyslexia.

Kate, who is dyslexic herself, is the founder and CEO of the charity Made By Dyslexia, acting as a leading voice in the charge to disrupt the world’s thinking around dyslexia and highlight how it can be a superpower in the workplace and the wider world.

Kate’s book, This is Dyslexia, expertly builds on this notion of dyslexia being a ‘superpower’, as she debunks all the common misconceptions around the topic and helps the reader to better understand how dyslexic people think. What’s great is that the entire book is written on cream coloured paper with pictures, charts, diagrams, and changeable text to help dyslexic people read through it and better retain the information. This way, it is an accessible read for all.

Along with varying mediums of information, the book also includes QR codes throughout that can be scanned and will take the reader to video interviews of famous people with dyslexia. There are also resources available at the back of the book for children, parents, teachers, and employers that can prove to be a very useful first step in understanding dyslexia on a deeper level.

Throughout the book, Kate highlights the importance of harnessing dyslexia as a skill rather than a drawback – along with all other forms of neurodivergent thinking – and goes on to demonstrate the many ways that this unique way of processing can be extremely beneficial for the workplace (such as problem-solving, creativity, and innovative thinking!).

With 10% of the population being dyslexic, and around 20% of people believed to be neurodivergent, the importance of employers educating themselves around these topics is vital for the bottom line, as an inclusive workplace environment can play to the strengths of these unique ways of thinking.

Kate’s book is a great start at getting to understand dyslexic thinking on a deeper, empathetic level, and will help leaders better grasp how to support and optimize those staff with dyslexia.

You can purchase your copy of This is Dyslexia in the UK here and in the US here.

And if you would like to discuss how OrgShakers can support you in creating a neurodivergent-friendly working environment, please get in touch with us!

A Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) is a neurodivergent individual who has been born with a genetic trait called Sensory Processing Sensitivity.

While being considered ‘highly sensitive’ often has negative connotations in a workplace setting, one survey found that those who tested as HSP were the best rated managers – however, they were also the most stressed. This highlights a significant finding – a company’s HSPs have the potential to be some of the best employees, but this potential can only be unlocked in the right environment.

So, how do you identify HSP traits and how do you create a workplace to optimize these traits?

Those who are HSP have a more reactive nervous system, and so this leads them to process things deeply, become easily overstimulated, feel emotions intensely, and pay extreme attention to detail. More recent research shows that HSPs have additional brain cell connections when compared to someone with a more neurotypical brain, and these extra cells are mostly found in the region of the brain that handles emotions and memories of emotions.

It is believed that this has developed as an evolutionary precaution to avoiding harm, as it involved thinking in a deep and detailed manner to pick up on potential ‘threats’ that others may have missed. Because of this, HSPs tend to overthink and become overstimulated, and some studies show that these people are more prone to developing anxiety disorders and having anxious thoughts.

However, employers can make adjustments in their culture and approaches in order to create an environment where the skillsets of HSPs are optimized. For one thing, HSPs thrive with structure and clarity, as this doesn’t leave a lot of space for them to overthink and become overstimulated. This means employers should ensure that the employee understands the scope and expectations of their role.

Another great tool for optimizing HSPs is by using psychometric profiling. We work in conjunction with SurePeople, whose WorkforceX program defines the personality traits of individual employees, and gives each of them the ability to compare their profile with other team members, highlighting how best to work with that specific individual. This not only assists with overall cohesion, but the clarity and precision of it removes the risk of a HSP overthinking, as they already know exactly what to expect and how best to work with someone.

And speaking of overthinking, try to offer HSP staff members the time to deliberate and formulate responses rather than putting them on the spot. Thinking things through is a hallmark of high sensitivity, and so giving them that extra time to do so will help to avoid any anxious flare-ups.

In addition, employers could make accommodations that can help to mitigate the risk of sensory overload. This can take the shape of having audio-only meetings (with cameras off), designating a day which has no meetings, or defining times which are ‘do not disturb’ periods. They could also encourage the use of noise-cancelling headphones and periodic screen breaks.

By shifting their perception of ‘sensitivity’ and making adjustments for it, employers are creating the opportunity for these neurodivergent employees to be leading voices in innovation, problem solving, and people strategy. They are highly skilled at identifying patterns and subtleties, as well as being emotionally intelligent. These power skills are becoming increasingly valued, especially in managerial roles, and so it is important for employers to be nurturing these skills.  

If you would like to discuss how to implement policies to support HSPs, please get in touch with us.

Work can be an intimidating and frustrating experience for neurodivergent individuals, as they can struggle to fit in with coworkers and adhere to organizational culture expectations. Conversely, employers and colleagues can feel challenged when working with neurodivergent team members. Through awareness and a few workplace changes, the benefits connected to a neurodiverse workforce can be optimized.

As the world of work continues to evolve, neurodiversity is getting more attention. This begs the question – how will your organization adjust to employees’ growing demand for recognition and workplace modifications?

The best way to find an answer to this is by first understanding what neurodiversity is and looks like.

According to Harvard Medical School, “Neurodiversity describes the idea that people experience and interact with the world around them in many different ways; there is no one “right” way of thinking, learning, and behaving, and differences are not viewed as deficits.” Statistically speaking, 15-20% of the world’s population is neurodivergent. Dyslexia, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) represent, in order, the three most common types of neurodivergence.

So, how can an organization foster neurodiversity at work?

The key concept surrounding neurodiversity is to improve inclusivity for all people. This requires recognition of each individual’s skills, abilities, and strengths, as well as support for their differences. Many organizations, supervisors, and teams may already be adjusting their routines and practices. Raising awareness and intentionally modifying etiquette can ensure employers and employees don’t miss out on the significant opportunities a neurodiverse workforce provides. Here are some examples of how to promote a neurodiverse work environment:

• For Sound Sensitivity: provide quiet spaces or white noise areas, give advance notice of auditory disruptions such as loud noises or consistent sound (tapping, hammering) whenever possible, and allow noise-cancelling headphones to be worn in the workplace.

• For Motion Sensitivity: conduct standing or walking meetings, allow fidget toys or other movement tools, provide stretch/yoga spaces for brief movement breaks, and invite alternative seating options (exercise balls, floor cushions, etc.).

• For Touch Sensitivity: allow physical space differences (patting on back, no touching, handshakes or fist pumps only, 3-6 feet between people, etc.) and alternative surfaces and equipment (smooth or textured work surface, fabric/wood/metal/plastic seating, feel of writing utensil, etc.).

When an organization encourages a few basic “rules of the road”, it can dramatically increase employee engagement, innovation, creativity, and productivity. For example, DO place focus on communicating clearly and concisely – avoid implied messages or meaning. Be ready to break tasks down into small steps to ensure understanding and work with individuals to identify their preferred learning style; some may learn best with written instructions while others thrive through auditory direction. And, whenever possible, announce any changes to plans in advance to give people a chance to adjust to this change.

However, DON’T make assumptions. Before interpreting someone’s behavior, ask them about their preferences, needs, and goals. Inform people of workplace etiquette before accusing someone of rudeness or rule breaking, and provide the opportunity for individuals to ask clarifying questions that foster understanding.

Mentra has also put together a list of their ‘Top Ten Accommodations’ for neurodiverse employees that can be very helpful:

1. Noise Cancelling Headphones
2. Written, concise instructions
3. Uninterrupted work time
4. Interviewer experienced with neurodiversity
5. Flexible schedule
6. Email/Calendar organization
7. Extra time
8. Job coaching or mentoring
9. Allowance of fidgeting devices
10. Closed captioning and recorded meetings

Neurodivergent individuals may be overlooked in traditional recruiting practices and that is a definite loss in talent for organizations. Work environments that acknowledge and support neurodiversity can outperform their competitors through innovation, engagement, dedication, and output. But without the right tools, training (a recent study found that only 23% of HR professionals have had specific neurodiversity training in the last year), and workplace practices, many employers can find themselves struggling to gain access to this vast pool of talent. So, if you would like to discuss the best way to hire, onboard and include neurodivergent employees, get in touch with me at amanda@orgshakers.com

Copyright OrgShakers: The global HR consultancy for workplace transformation founded by David Fairhurst in 2020